For example, if you have one carbon in your molecule you plug one into your formula there, and you would get c1, and you would get 1 times 2 plus 2, which is of course 4, so ch4. Alkanes alkanes from carbon and hydrogen alkanes are carbon compounds that contain only single bonds. Alkanes all have the general molecular formula of cnh2n plus 2, where n is the number of carbons that are in your molecule. Well be learning about different aspects of molecular structure, including common functional groups and conformations. Why do cycloalkanes have a higher boiling point than straightchain alkanes. They may be gases methane and paropane, liquids hexane and benzene, waxes paraffin wax, or polymers polyethylene and polystyrene. The branched alkanes make better gasoline than their con tinuouschain isomers because they give less knock in highcompression gasoline engines. Chemical properties of alkanes alkanes are generally unreactive. Organic chemistry alkanes and cycloalkanes flashcards.
Kerosine, boiling point 180 to 230, contains hydrocarbons from c, to c. Most reactions of organic compounds take place at or adjacent to a functional group. Nov 11, 2012 powerpoint and afl task for teaching alkanes and alkenes. The names of the simplest straight chain alkanes are shown in fig.
An atom or groups of atoms that substitute for a hydrogen atom in an organic compound, giving the compound unique chemical properties and determining its reactivity. To print or download this file, click the link below. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Classes of hydrocarbons molecules that are made up of carbon and hydrogen 1. They are stereoisomers compounds that differ in how substituents are arranged in space unlike floppy chains, rings have an additional consideration for multiple substitutions. Powerpoint and afl task for teaching alkanes and alkenes. Alkanes and cycloalkanes carbons 4 5 7 9 structura1 linear alkane formula propane butane pentane heptane 0ctane nonane.
Alkanes and cycloalkanes powerpoint ppt presentation. Alkanes and cycloalkanes chemistry of functional groups 1079 pages, 1992. Conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes 20 answer key 2. Cycloalkanes are named analogously to their normal alkane. View and download powerpoint presentations on cycloalkanes ppt. Organic chemistry naming alkanes and cycloalkanes youtube. Cycloalkanes are alkanes with carbon atoms attached in the form of a closed ring.
Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature i video khan academy. Conformational isomers stereochemistry concerned with the 3d aspects of molecules rotation is possible around cc bonds in openchain molecules a conformation is one of the many possible arrangements of. View and download powerpoint presentations on alkanes and cycloalkanes ppt. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about cycloalkanes ppt. Download my free ebook 10 secrets to acing organic chemistry here. Therefore cycloalkanes will have higher bp than alkanes. Course outcome ability to explain the relationship between the structure, physical and chemical properties of the different bonds and functional groups in organic compounds co2 course learning outcome the student should be able to. In each type of alkane, each carbon atom has four valence electrons and must always have four single bonds. Numbering is then carried out such that the total obtained from the substituent positions is a minimum. Cyclic saturated hydrocarbons with a general formula of cnh2n. Alkanes and cycloalkanes bromocyclohexane when bromocyclohexane ringflips the bromine s position goes from equatorial to axial and so. Conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes answer key chemistry 260 organic chemistry 1. Naming cycloalkanes naming cycloalkanes 3dimensional structurevsepr theory 3dimensional structure 3dimensional structure 3dimensional structure molecules that.
In order to establish a baseline of behavior against which these reactions may be ranked, we need to investigate the reactivity of compounds lacking any functional groups. Cycloalkanes have two fewer hydrogen atoms than alkanes, because another carboncarbon bond is needed to form the ring. Feb 24, 20 are you struggling with organic chemistry. Check our other free chemistry powerpoint template. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. This free hydrocarbons powerpoint templates can help you create attractive presentations for your work. Cycloalkanes are drawn as simple polygons in which the sides represent the carboncarbon bonds. I would think that cycloalkanes would be more compact so the intermolecular forces would be weaker. Alkanes and cycloalkanes powerpoint presentation sources. Ppt cycloalkanes powerpoint presentation free to download id. Lecture powerpoint slides the powerpoint viewer has been retired image powerpoint slides the powerpoint viewer has been retired image jpg zipped requires winzip or equivalent software clicker powerpoint slides the powerpoint viewer has been retired.
Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Organic chemistry principles and mechanisms nomenclature 1 lecture powerpoint introduction. Mar 02, 2014 the larger alkanes also tend to produce a smokier flame due to incomplete combustion of the alkane molecules. Organic chemistry alkanes and cycloalkanes quizlet. Cycloalkanes are not planar but still can have more expanded conformations than alkanes. The properties of organic molecules depend on the structure, and knowing the names of organic compounds allow us to communicate with other chemists. Master lesson outline download oc reaction summary sheet. Organic chemistry for android free download and software. Alkanes and cycloalkanes chemistry of functional groups. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Conformations are different spatial arrangements of a molecule that are generated by rotation about single bonds. Alkanes and cycloalkanes practice powerpoint ppt presentation.
Naming cycloalkanes involves the same rules as naming alkanes with two additions. When there are two substituents on a cyclic molecule, their direction must be indicated with prefix cis, meaning same side, and trans, meaning opposite sides. Why do cycloalkanes have a higher boiling point than. In other words, a cycloalkane consists only of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a structure containing a single ring possibly with side chains, and all of the carboncarbon bonds are single. Ppt cycloalkanes powerpoint presentation free to download. They are stereoisomers compounds that differ in how substituents are arranged in space unlike floppy chains. Order the following conformers from the most stable to the least stable.
Introduction cycloalkanes or cycloparaffins are saturated hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are joined by single covalent bonds to form a ring. Why do cycloalkanes have a higher boiling point than straight. Cycloalkanes having several substituents are numbered such that the substituent with alphabetical priority is at position 1. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office at 26 red lion square london wc1r 4hq. Alkanes and cycloalkanes free download as powerpoint presentation.
Since alkanes are the major components of petroleum. Organic compounds alkanes and their stereochemistry. Ppt reactions of alkanes and cycloalkanes powerpoint. Cycloalkanes naming cycloalkanes the above compounds are not structural isomers. Full download all chapters instantly please go to solutions manual, test bank site. Alkanes are organic compounds that consist entirely of singlebonded carbon and hydrogen atoms and lack any other functional groups. Powerpoint slide on organic chemistry basics compiled by abhiraj pathak. In organic chemistry, the cycloalkanes also called naphthenes, but distinct from naphthalene are the monocyclic saturated hydrocarbons. The slightly higher boiling points for the cycloalkanes are presumably because the molecules can get closer together because the ring structure makes them tidier and less wriggly.
Aug 02, 2006 thus the more open and straight molecules will have bigger surface of interaction, meaning stronger interaction and higher boiling point. Displaying powerpoint presentation on 3 organic compounds alkanes and cycloalkanes available to view or download. Introduction to hydrocarbons presentation transcript. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Loading slideshow in 5 seconds alkanes and cycloalkanes practice powerpoint presentation. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Introduction this powerpoint show is one of several produced to help students understand selected topics at as and a2 level chemistry. Since alkanes are the major components of petroleum and. Steric strain is the repulsive interaction caused by atoms attempting to occupy the same space. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id.
Structure and bonding functional groups alkanes and cycloalkanes. Food, hair care products, laundry detergents and your favorite pair of nylon stockings all contain a little molecule called cycloalkane. Alkanes and cycloalkanes are called saturated hydrocarbons because their carbon atoms are connected by only single bonds. We also acknowledge previous national science foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057. Alkanes and cycloalkanes 11 million organic compounds which are classified into families according to structure and reactivity functional group fg. Ch3 h ch3 ch3 energy diagram for the rotation of butane summary. Physical properties of alkanes alkanes are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ccl4.
Download 3 organic compounds alkanes and cycloalkanes ppt for free. Because of free rotation around the single bonds, the molecules adopt a shape so that the bond angles are as close as possible to 109. Petroleum is a mixture of hundreds of hydrocarbons, mostly alkanes with varying numbers of carbons and varying degrees of. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Chapter 3 conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes. Alkanes are virtually insoluble in water, but dissolve in organic solvents.
Start studying organic chemistry alkanes and cycloalkanes. Cyclopropane and cyclobutane are gases at room temperature while cyclopentane is already liquid at this temperature. What follows applies equally to alkanes and cycloalkanes. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about alkanes and cycloalkanes ppt. The carbon chain ring of most cycloalkanes is not planar cyclopropane must be and cyclobutane is very close. Nonpolar there are four main types of hydrocarbons. Jun 21, 2016 we examine nomenclature and naming of alkanes and cycloalkane groups by proper iupac standards. Fgs behave similarly in every molecule they are part of. Also branched alkanes have for the same reason even lower. This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions. Taking a look at ethane and pentane, these alkanes are referred to as saturated because they only contain single bonds, and because of that, each carbon atom is saturated with hydrogen atoms. Organic chemistry is an app developed to give you a basic knowledge about organic chemistry. Alkanes, cycloalkanes, and functional groups khan academy.
Reactions of alkanes and cycloalkanes powerpoint ppt presentation. The unsubstituted cycloalkanes form homologous series with the general formula cnh2n. Powerpoint slide on hydrocarbons compiled by mayank kumar. It is based on the requirements of the aqa and ocr specifications but is suitable for other. Hydrocarbons hydrocarbons are organic compounds that consist of only c and h atoms.
1144 1053 138 751 493 1268 1075 889 1157 886 605 183 700 1054 192 1299 216 108 176 628 62 1163 676 251 1262 401 600 1144 1233 1041 906 403 1232 1462 853 403 172 686 301 1112 538 1202 477